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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（新春走基层）85后青年返乡“跳农门”：从“水土不服”到逐梦乡野******
图为张鹏为刚刚破土的秧苗浇水。 曾令刚 摄 中新网兴安盟1月10日电 题：85后青年返乡“跳农门”：从“水土不服”到逐梦乡野 作者 张玮 曾令刚 张禹 弯腰起身，手里锋利的刀片把一盘南瓜苗挨个斜着削去真叶和一片子叶；坐下，拿起一棵黄瓜苗，斜削去茎根部，并与南瓜苗刀口处无缝贴合，再用红色小夹子夹住…… 嫁接秧苗的整个过程不过两三秒，农技师张鹏手法娴熟，一气呵成。 新春将至，位于内蒙古东部的兴安盟突泉县白雪皑皑，映衬着曙光现代农业循环经济园区内道路两旁刚挂上的红灯笼分外鲜亮。 而园区的温室大棚里满目绿色，农技师们正忙着育苗和嫁接秧苗，为今年的蔬菜、水果种植开个好头，孕育春的希望。
图为农技师们嫁接秧苗。 曾令刚 摄 “南瓜子要平着放，芽要放在正中间，撒过水后再覆盖保鲜膜，膜的厚度也是有讲究的，太薄太厚都会影响出苗率……”张鹏一边忙乎自己手里的活儿，一边不停地帮助农户答疑解惑。 张鹏介绍，播种深度控制在1.5厘米左右，种子6天就能破土而出。“这样的话，13天后嫁接黄瓜，正月初六就可以交付订单。” 这个春节，张鹏和农技师们要完成18万株的蔬果秧苗订单生产。“这批苗主要销往兴安盟境内和吉林省的部分地区，今年总共能育3批次，育苗300万株左右，毛收入能达到150万元。” 12年前，“85后”的张鹏选择返乡“跳农门”，从“水土不服”到得心应手，如今的他已经将梦想的种子埋进乡土，并生根发芽。 回首一路走来的育苗时光，张鹏感慨颇多。 2010年，从兰州理工大学毕业后的张鹏参加了突泉县组织的赴山东寿光学习育苗技术的活动，半年多后，张鹏回乡开始尝试育苗。 “但第一茬儿西红柿就遭遇了‘水土不服’，因为水、温度、土壤的差异，西红柿成熟后还没有手掌大。”关于第一次育苗，张鹏记忆犹新。
图为张鹏为村民传授育苗技术。 曾令刚 摄 张鹏说，当时好多人劝他放弃。“但我更想坚持。” 于是，张鹏改变策略，跑去和当地的“土专家”请教，鞋跑坏了好几双，笔记记了一摞又一摞，不断地尝试、总结。终于，他创新推出育苗和嫁接为一体的新方式。 2014年，张鹏育出的黄瓜苗抗病力极强，且采摘期能延长2个月，种植收益能提升30%。这一年，张鹏打开了市场，在政府给予的60万元产业资金的补贴下，他建起8个温室，成立了自己的农业公司，开始规模化、工厂化育苗。 现在，张鹏的团队一年要培育300万株蔬菜、瓜果、花卉秧苗上市。 除了秧苗成活率高、产量好、抗病性能强，张鹏还提供售后服务，“主要是技术指导，什么苗木适应什么水肥、喜欢什么温度，都要细致地教给农户。”如今的张鹏被内蒙古自治区农牧部门认定为“基层农技推广员”。
图为郁郁葱葱的育苗棚。 曾令刚 摄 “今年我又定了3000颗柿子苗、3000颗黄瓜苗，他家的苗成活率高，果实成熟后销路也好。”种了20多年大棚蔬菜的“老把式”何凤军每次来定苗都要和张鹏探讨一番种植技术。 在张鹏的带领下，当地越来越多村民参与到大棚种植中，亩年均收入均突破5万元。 忙完春节这一阵儿，张鹏计划继续外出考察学习，他给自己定了一个小目标：要尽快攻克西红柿耐储存但口感硬的问题，早日推出口感型西红柿秧苗。 在张鹏眼里，嫩绿的新芽不仅代表春的喜悦，更孕育着农户们新的希望。“2023年，希望我们能培育出更优良的品种，让温室大棚成为种植户增收致富的‘聚宝盆’。”(完) （文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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